House Of Civil Engineers

How To Remove Dampness From Walls Dampness What is dampness? Structural dampness  is the presence of unwanted moisture in the structure of a building, either the result of intrusion from outside or construction   from within the structure. A high proportion of damp problems in buildings are caused by ambient climate dependent factors of condensation and rain penetration. Capillary penetration of fluid from the ground up through concrete or masonry is known as  Rising Damp  and is governed by the shape and porosity of the construction materials through which this evaporation limited capillary penetration takes place Structural damp, regardless of the mechanisms through which it takes place, is exacerbated by higher levels of humidity. Causes of dampness in buildings               1.     Rain penetration 2.     Level of site 3.     Drain ability of soil   4.     Climate condition 5.     Defective orientation of building 6.     Moisture entrapped durin

Methods of Estimation for Building Works - Long Wall Short Wall Long wall and short wall method The estimation of building quantities like earth work, foundation concrete, brickwork in plinth and superstructure etc. can be worked out long wall short wall method and centerline method. Long wall and short wall method =  This is simple method and there are less chances of mistakes. In this method long wall and short wall are worked out separately. Long wall length out-to out = (centre to centre length + half breadth on one side + half breadth on the other side) Long wall length out-to out = (centre to centre length +one breadth) Q. Calculate the quantity of the following item (shown in fig) (a) Earthwork in excavation in foundation (b) Concrete in foundation (c) Brick work in foundation and plinth (d) Brickwork in superstructure Ans.   Calculation of quantities = No of wall × Length × Breadth × Height or Depth   Where         Length for Long wall = length of long wall centre t

INTRODUCTION Sewage -general considerations It is the technique of removing harmful impurities from wastewater and household waste waters, both runoff (effluents) and domestic. This process involves physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove all types of contaminants. Its objective is to zero liquid discharge and provide useful fresh water in the environment. The sewage water is often adversely contaminated with many toxic organic and inorganic compounds. sewage treatment plant (Project picture) Sewage can be defined as the wastewater that is collected form some area and then conveyed to some point of disposal. The liquid wastes will require treatment before they are discharged into the water body or otherwise disposed of without endangering the public health or causing offensive conditions. With the growth of population and the modern cities the conventional method of wastewater disposal has been replaced by the planed water-carried sewage system. E

Types Of Steel Bars Full Form Of Bars TMT :-(Thermo Mechanically Treated Bar) TMX :-(Thermax Powered)Bar SD :-(Super Ductile)Bar CRS :-(Corrosion Resistant)Bar HYSD :-(High Yield Stress Deformed)Bar CTD :-(Cold Twisted Deformed)Bar ISI :-(Indian Standard Institute)